Q03963 Interferon-induced, Eif2ak2 10090 None SL-0198 Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P19525}. Nucleus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P19525}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P19525}. UNIPROT Q03963 UNIPROT Q61742 UNIPROT Q62026 PDB 1X48 PDB 1X49 Pfam PF00035 Pfam PF00069 PROSITE PS50137 PROSITE PS00107 PROSITE PS50011 PROSITE PS00108 IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) and plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection (PubMed:20038207, PubMed:20478537, PubMed:21123651). Inhibits viral replication via the integrated stress response (ISR): EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation in response to viral infection converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, resulting to a shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4 (PubMed:21123651, PubMed:20631127). Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including west nile virus (WNV), sindbis virus (SV), foot-and-mouth virus (FMDV), semliki Forest virus (SFV) and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) (PubMed:19264662, PubMed:20585572, PubMed:20631127, PubMed:21994357). Also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation: phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, and IRS1 (PubMed:19229320, PubMed:23403623). In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation (By similarity). Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF- kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFNs (PubMed:22948222, PubMed:23392680). Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6 (By similarity). Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP) (By similarity). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) (By similarity). Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes (PubMed:22801494, PubMed:23401008). Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin (PubMed:22633459). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P19525, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19229320, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19264662, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20038207, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20478537, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20585572, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20631127, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21123651, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21994357, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22633459, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22801494, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22948222, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23392680, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23401008, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23403623}. P35569 EBI-2603482 0.40 P35570 EBI-2603524 0.44 Q8R4B8 EBI-15999088 0.52 Q9EPB4 EBI-15999182 0.40 GO:0005737 GO:0005829 GO:0005634 GO:0048471 GO:0005524 GO:0003725 GO:0004694 GO:0042802 GO:0004715 GO:0004672 GO:0106310 GO:0034198 GO:0051607 GO:0030968 GO:0045087 GO:0043066 GO:0033689 GO:0017148 GO:0045071 GO:0043065 GO:0032722 GO:0001819 GO:0043410 GO:0051092 GO:1901224 GO:0032874 GO:0046777 GO:0006468 GO:1901532 GO:1902036 GO:1902033 GO:1900225 GO:0035455 GO:0032496 GO:0009636 GO:0009615 GO:0033197 GO:0006412 Unknown UniProt Sequence Analysis MASDTPGFYMDKLNKYRQMHGVAITYKELSTSGPPHDRRFTFQVLIDEKEFPEAKGRSKQEARNAAAKLAVDILDNENKVDCHTSASEQGLFVGNYIGLVNSFAQKKKLSVNYEQCEPNSELPQRFICKCKIGQTMYGTGSGVTKQEAKQLAAKEAYQKLLKSPPKTAGTSSSVVTSTFSGFSSSSSMTSNGVSQSAPGSFSSENVFTNGLGENKRKSGVKVSPDDVQRNKYTLDARFNSDFEDIEEIGLGGFGQVFKAKHRIDGKRYAIKRVKYNTEKAEHEVQALAELNHVNIVQYHSCWEGVDYDPEHSMSDTSRYKTRCLFIQMEFCDKGTLEQWMRNRNQSKVDKALILDLYEQIVTGVEYIHSKGLIHRDLKPGNIFLVDERHIKIGDFGLATALENDGKSRTRRTGTLQYMSPEQLFLKHYGKEVDIFALGLILAELLHTCFTESEKIKFFESLRKGDFSNDIFDNKEKSLLKKLLSEKPKDRPETSEILKTLAEWRNISEKKKRNTC 515