The nuclear envelope is a membrane system which surrounds the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is composed of the nuclear lamina, nuclear pore complexes and two nuclear membranes. The space between the two membranes is called the nuclear intermembrane space.
The inner membrane of the nucleus is the membrane which separates the nuclear matrix from the intermembrane space. In mammals, the inner nuclear membrane is associated with heterochromatin and the nuclear lamina.
The membrane surrounding the nucleus. This term is used when it is not known if the protein is found in or associated with the inner or outer nuclear membrane.
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) constitutes the exclusive means of nucleocytoplasmic transport. NPCs allow the passive diffusion of ions and small molecules and the active bidirectional transport of macromolecules such as proteins, RNAs etc across the double-membrane nuclear envelope.The NPC is composed of at least 30 distinct subunits known as Nucleoporins (NUPs).
Nuclear envelope protein which has essential roles in assembly of nuclear pore complexes and in chromatin maintenance during the cell cycle (PubMed:16950114, PubMed:16950115, PubMed:26166571, PubMed:27341616). Appears to be a stable structural component of the nuclear envelope during interphase (PubMed:16950114, PubMed:16950115). In dividing cells, localizes to kinetochores during early stages of mitosis and then to chromatin during late mitosis (PubMed:16950114, PubMed:27341616). Important for several mitotic processes including chromosome condensation, kinetochore assembly, chromosome segregation and cell-cycle timing (PubMed:16950114, PubMed:16950115, PubMed:26166571, PubMed:27341616). In postmitotic cells, plays a role in the early steps of nuclear pore complex assembly by recruiting the nucleoporins npp-10 and npp-5 to chromatin (PubMed:16950114, PubMed:16950115). Also involved in meiotic chromosome segregation (PubMed:27341616). May function downstream of the Ran GTPase signaling pathway (PubMed:16950115). {Experimental EvidencePubMed:16950114, Experimental EvidencePubMed:16950115, Experimental EvidencePubMed:26166571, Experimental EvidencePubMed:27341616}.
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Department of Biology
Biophysics & Bioinformatics Laboratory