Nucleus inner membrane {Experimental EvidencePubMed:10982402, Experimental EvidencePubMed:12684533}; Multi-pass membrane protein {Experimental EvidencePubMed:10982402, Experimental EvidencePubMed:12684533}; Nucleoplasmic side {Curator Inference}. Nucleus envelope {Experimental EvidencePubMed:10982402, Experimental EvidencePubMed:16950114, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21176223, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25653391, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32271860}. Chromosome {Experimental EvidencePubMed:16950114, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25653391, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32271860}. Note=Remains in the nuclear envelope until mid-late anaphase and reassociates with the chromatin periphery at telophase (PubMed:10982402). Recruited to the reforming nuclear envelope initially at the apical surfaces of chromatin, from where it spreads to the lateral surfaces facing the spindle microtubules (PubMed:25653391). Requires mel-28 for chromatin reassociation after mitosis and for nuclear envelope localization (PubMed:16950114). In meiosis at anaphase II, appears on the chromatin surface farthest from the extruding polar body (PubMed:32271860). After anaphase II, forms a plaque on the oocyte-derived pronucleus adjacent to the meiotic spindle (PubMed:32271860). Later disperses into a uniform rim around the oocyte-derived pronucleus (PubMed:32271860). {Experimental EvidencePubMed:10982402, Experimental EvidencePubMed:16950114, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25653391, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32271860}.
The nuclear envelope is a membrane system which surrounds the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is composed of the nuclear lamina, nuclear pore complexes and two nuclear membranes. The space between the two membranes is called the nuclear intermembrane space.
The inner membrane of the nucleus is the membrane which separates the nuclear matrix from the intermembrane space. In mammals, the inner nuclear membrane is associated with heterochromatin and the nuclear lamina.
The membrane surrounding the nucleus. This term is used when it is not known if the protein is found in or associated with the inner or outer nuclear membrane.
Nuclear lamina-associated inner nuclear membrane protein that is involved in cell division, nuclear structure organization, maintenance of nuclear envelope integrity and nuclear envelope reformation after mitosis (PubMed:12684533, PubMed:21176223, PubMed:22171324, PubMed:25653391, PubMed:32271860). In interphase cells, plays a role in anchoring and spatial arrangement of chromosome arms at the nuclear periphery, forming so-called lem-2 subdomains (PubMed:21176223). Both arms of autosomes but only the left arm of the X chromosome are anchored in lem-2 subdomains; sequences bound by lem-2 are mainly repetitive chromosome sequences and inactive genes (PubMed:21176223). Involved in chromosome segregation and cell division, probably via its interaction with the nuclear intermediate filament protein lmn-1, the main component of nuclear lamina (PubMed:12684533). Required to organize the distribution of lmn-1, nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and chromatin in mitotically active cells (PubMed:22171324). Involved in the nuclear positioning and efficient anchoring of microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) to the nuclear envelope during mitosis as well as on maintaining correct nuclear morphology (PubMed:25653391). Contributes to closure of nuclear envelope (NE) holes and prevents excess nuclear membranes after meiosis and mitosis (PubMed:32271860). Together with emr-1, plays a role in baf-1 enrichment at the nuclear envelope in anaphase (PubMed:12684533). Together with emr-1, involved in muscle cell attachment to hypodermal cells, as well as muscle cell location and sarcomere organization (PubMed:22171324). May play a role in radiation-induced DNA damage repair response (PubMed:22383942). {Experimental EvidencePubMed:12684533, Experimental EvidencePubMed:21176223, Experimental EvidencePubMed:22171324, Experimental EvidencePubMed:22383942, Experimental EvidencePubMed:25653391, Experimental EvidencePubMed:32271860}.
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Department of Biology
Biophysics & Bioinformatics Laboratory