The nuclear envelope is a membrane system which surrounds the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic cells. It is composed of the nuclear lamina, nuclear pore complexes and two nuclear membranes. The space between the two membranes is called the nuclear intermembrane space.
Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I,-II and -III complexes. ESCRT-III proteins mostly dissociate from the invaginating membrane before the ILV is released. The ESCRT machinery also functions in topologically equivalent membrane fission events, such as the terminal stages of cytokinesis (PubMed:21310966). Together with SPAST, the ESCRT-III complex promotes nuclear envelope sealing and mitotic spindle disassembly during late anaphase (PubMed:26040712). Recruited to the reforming nuclear envelope (NE) during anaphase by LEMD2 (PubMed:28242692). ESCRT-III proteins are believed to mediate the necessary vesicle extrusion and/or membrane fission activities, possibly in conjunction with the AAA ATPase VPS4. {Experimental EvidencePubMed:21310966, Experimental EvidencePubMed:26040712, Experimental EvidencePubMed:28242692, Curator Inference}. (Microbial infection) The ESCRT machinery functions in topologically equivalent membrane fission events, such as the budding of enveloped viruses (HIV-1 and other lentiviruses). Involved in HIV-1 p6- and p9-dependent virus release. {Experimental EvidencePubMed:14505570, Experimental EvidencePubMed:14519844}.
Charged multivesicular body protein 3 (Chromatin-modifying protein 3) (Neuroendocrine differentiation factor) (Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 24) (hVps24)
Charged multivesicular body protein 5 (Chromatin-modifying protein 5) (SNF7 domain-containing protein 2) (Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 60) (Vps60) (hVps60)
Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog (Dopamine-responsive gene 1 protein) (DRG-1) (LYST-interacting protein 5) (LIP5) (SKD1-binding protein 1) (SBP1)
RING1 and YY1-binding protein (Apoptin-associating protein 1) (APAP-1) (Death effector domain-associated factor) (DED-associated factor) (YY1 and E4TF1-associated factor 1)
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Department of Biology
Biophysics & Bioinformatics Laboratory