[Papain-like proteinase]: Host membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein. Host cytoplasm {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Non-structural protein 4]: Host membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein. Host cytoplasm. Note=Localizes in virally- induced cytoplasmic double-membrane vesicles. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Non-structural protein 6]: Host membrane {Curator Inference}; Multi-pass membrane protein {Curator Inference}. [Non-structural protein 7]: Host cytoplasm, host perinuclear region {ECO:0000250}. Note=nsp7, nsp8, nsp9 and nsp10 are localized in cytoplasmic foci, largely perinuclear. Late in infection, they merge into confluent complexes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. [Non-structural protein 8]: Host cytoplasm, host perinuclear region {ECO:0000250}. Note=nsp7, nsp8, nsp9 and nsp10 are localized in cytoplasmic foci, largely perinuclear. Late in infection, they merge into confluent complexes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. [Non-structural protein 9]: Host cytoplasm, host perinuclear region {ECO:0000250}. Note=nsp7, nsp8, nsp9 and nsp10 are localized in cytoplasmic foci, largely perinuclear. Late in infection, they merge into confluent complexes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. [Non-structural protein 10]: Host cytoplasm, host perinuclear region {ECO:0000250}. Note=nsp7, nsp8, nsp9 and nsp10 are localized in cytoplasmic foci, largely perinuclear. Late in infection, they merge into confluent complexes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. [Helicase]: Host endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment {Curator Inference}. Note=The helicase interacts with the N protein in membranous complexes and colocalizes with sites of synthesis of new viral RNA. {ECO:0000250}. [Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease]: Host cytoplasm, host perinuclear region {ECO:0000250}.
The host perinuclear region is the host cytoplasmic region just around the host nucleus. Note: This location is defined for viral proteins that appear in the perinuclear region of infected host cells
The replicase polyprotein of coronaviruses is a multifunctional protein: it contains the activities necessary for the transcription of negative stranded RNA, leader RNA, subgenomic mRNAs and progeny virion RNA as well as proteinases responsible for the cleavage of the polyprotein into functional products. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Host translation inhibitor nsp1]: Promotes the degradation of host mRNAs by inducing an endonucleolytic RNA cleavage in template mRNAs, and inhibits of host mRNA translation, a function that is separable from its RNA cleavage activity. By suppressing host gene expression, nsp1 facilitates efficient viral gene expression in infected cells and evasion from host immune response. {Experimental EvidencePubMed:26311885}. [Non-structural protein 2]: May play a role in the modulation of host cell survival signaling pathway by interacting with host PHB and PHB2. Indeed, these two proteins play a role in maintaining the functional integrity of the mitochondria and protecting cells from various stresses. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Papain-like proteinase]: Responsible for the cleavages located at the N-terminus of the replicase polyprotein. In addition, PL-PRO possesses a deubiquitinating/deISGylating activity and processes both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains from cellular substrates. Participates, together with nsp4, in the assembly of virally induced cytoplasmic double-membrane vesicles necessary for viral replication. Antagonizes innate immune induction of type I interferon by blocking the phosphorylation, dimerization and subsequent nuclear translocation of host IRF3. Prevents also host NF-kappa-B. signaling. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25142582}. [Non-structural protein 4]: Participates in the assembly of virally-induced cytoplasmic double-membrane vesicles necessary for viral replication. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [3C-like proteinase]: Cleaves the C-terminus of replicase polyprotein at 11 sites. Recognizes substrates containing the core sequence [ILMVF]-Q-|-[SGACN]. Also able to bind an ADP-ribose-1''- phosphate (ADRP). {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7, ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00772}. [Non-structural protein 6]: Plays a role in the initial induction of autophagosomes from host reticulum endoplasmic. Later, limits the expansion of these phagosomes that are no longer able to deliver viral components to lysosomes. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Non-structural protein 7]: Forms a hexadecamer with nsp8 (8 subunits of each) that may participate in viral replication by acting as a primase. Alternatively, may synthesize substantially longer products than oligonucleotide primers. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Non-structural protein 8]: Forms a hexadecamer with nsp7 (8 subunits of each) that may participate in viral replication by acting as a primase. Alternatively, may synthesize substantially longer products than oligonucleotide primers. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Non-structural protein 9]: May participate in viral replication by acting as a ssRNA-binding protein. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Non-structural protein 10]: Plays a pivotal role in viral transcription by stimulating both nsp14 3'-5' exoribonuclease and nsp16 2'-O-methyltransferase activities. Therefore plays an essential role in viral mRNAs cap methylation. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [RNA-directed RNA polymerase]: Responsible for replication and transcription of the viral RNA genome. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Helicase]: Multi-functional protein with a zinc-binding domain in N-terminus displaying RNA and DNA duplex-unwinding activities with 5' to 3' polarity. Activity of helicase is dependent on magnesium. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Guanine-N7 methyltransferase]: Enzyme possessing two different activities: an exoribonuclease activity acting on both ssRNA and dsRNA in a 3' to 5' direction and a N7-guanine methyltransferase activity. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease]: Plays a role in viral transcription/replication and prevents the simultaneous activation of host cell dsRNA sensors, such as MDA5/IFIH1, OAS, and PKR (By similarity). Acts by degrading the 5'-polyuridines generated during replication of the poly(A) region of viral genomic and subgenomic RNAs. Catalyzes a two-step reaction in which a 2'3'-cyclic phosphate (2'3'- cP) is first generated by 2'-O transesterification, which is then hydrolyzed to a 3'-phosphate (3'-P) (By similarity). If not degraded, poly(U) RNA would hybridize with poly(A) RNA tails and activate host dsRNA sensors (By similarity). {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}. [2'-O-methyltransferase]: Methyltransferase that mediates mRNA cap 2'-O-ribose methylation to the 5'-cap structure of viral mRNAs. N7-methyl guanosine cap is a prerequisite for binding of nsp16. Therefore plays an essential role in viral mRNAs cap methylation which is essential to evade immune system. {By
SimilarityUniProtKB:P0C6X7}.
Myosin-9 (Cellular myosin heavy chain, type A) (Myosin heavy chain 9) (Myosin heavy chain, non-muscle IIa) (Non-muscle myosin heavy chain A) (NMMHC-A) (Non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIa) (NMMHC II-a) (NMMHC-IIA)
RCC1 and BTB domain-containing protein 1 (Chronic lymphocytic leukemia deletion region gene 7 protein) (CLL deletion region gene 7 protein) (Regulator of chromosome condensation and BTB domain-containing protein 1)
DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1 (DnaJ protein homolog 1) (Heat shock 40 kDa protein 1) (HSP40) (Heat shock protein 40) (Human DnaJ protein 1) (hDj-1)
A-kinase anchor protein 8-like (AKAP8-like protein) (Helicase A-binding protein 95) (HAP95) (Homologous to AKAP95 protein) (HA95) (Neighbor of A-kinase-anchoring protein 95) (Neighbor of AKAP95)
DNA damage-binding protein 1 (DDB p127 subunit) (DNA damage-binding protein a) (DDBa) (Damage-specific DNA-binding protein 1) (HBV X-associated protein 1) (XAP-1) (UV-damaged DNA-binding factor) (UV-damaged DNA-binding protein 1) (UV-DDB 1) (XPE-binding factor) (XPE-BF) (Xeroderma pigmentosum group E-complementing protein) (XPCe)
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Department of Biology
Biophysics & Bioinformatics Laboratory